2.2.1 Modifiers Overview

Checks are not made in a vacuum. For any given situation there can be a variety of factors favoring or working against the character. These factors are represented by modifiers to the roll. Factors that benefit the character are represented by bonuses; factors that hinder the character are represented by penalties. Bonuses are represented by “+” signs; penalties are represented by “-” signs. The amount of the modifier is referred to as the “magnitude”. All modifiers bear the notation “M”. For example, “+2M” denotes a +2 bonus to the check; “-3M” denotes a -3 penalty to the check.

When the GM calls for a check, she identifies all modifiers that apply. Even factors that the character would not be aware of should be identified openly. The GM should also solicit suggestions from the players. This is an opportunity for the player to negotiate for the application of appropriate bonuses. Unique but reasonable applications should be encouraged.

Modifiers come in several varieties based upon their source: qualities, situation, and impairment. These various types of modifiers are described in the following sections. The number and nature of modifiers that may apply to a given check are restricted; these restrictions are discussed in their respective sections.

The sum of all modifiers applicable to a given check is referred to as the “total modifier”.

Tracking applicable modifiers in anticipation of a forthcoming check can be confusing. The easiest method is to use the die itself to keep track. Identify an appropriate modifier and turn the die so that it shows the current total modifier. Identify another modifier, add or subtract from the total modifier showing, and re-orient the die so that it shows the updated total modifier. Continue this process until all relevant modifiers have been identified and applied. The number showing on the die represents the total modifier to apply to the check. Additionally, players should note frequently used total modifiers on their character sheets, e.g., attacking an opponent with a particular weapon.

The table on the following page offers sample modifiers and their meanings. You do not need to refer to the table during play; however, it can give you a good basis for generating appropriate modifier values. While the table presents entries in increments of 5, it is important to remember that a modifier one unit higher than another is incrementally better.

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Abbreviation: Modifier (M)